Using an optimized venturi instead of cold orifice in Vortex tube ...
The power separation a) at the cold outlet, b) at the hot outlet, and c) in the total state affected by the divergence angle at the outlet of the venturi. The system performance (cooling power separation) reduces with changing the divergence angle from 1° to 2°, from 2° to 3° and from 3° to 4° and these reductions are equal to %, 10. ...