Unscientific method of extraction of coal. Measures to be taken. Coking coal should be used for metallurgical industry only. Low grade coal should be washed and blended with superior quality coal in requisite proportion and used in industries. [Clean Coal Technology] Selective mining should be discouraged and all possible coal from the mines ...
Recently announced Reforms in Coal Sector. Commercial mining of coal allowed, with 41 blocks to be offered to the private sector. The coal mines being auctioned are located in Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Odisha. They include partially and fully explored mines. Simplified the process of the mining plan approval ...
Narrow, Horizontal Seams: Rathole mining involves extracting coal from thin, horizontal seams, which are prevalent in Meghalaya. These seams are often less than 2 meters in thickness. Primitive Extraction Techniques: Miners typically create narrow pits (referred to as "rat holes") into the ground, allowing only one person at a time to descend ...
Good and lowgrade coal found together selective mining so wasteful; Land for coal mining is becoming a major issue. There is a tendency to expand opencast mining and discourage underground operation even for better quality coal reserves. This aggravates the land availability problem. There is no competitive coal market; Deep mining ...
Coal is a combustible black sedimentary rock, formed as rock strata called coal seams. Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements; chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. Coal supplies about a quarter of the world's primary energy and twofifths of its electricity.
Mar 20, 2023. According to the sand mining framework, India requires 70 million tonnes of sand per year, with demand increasing by 7% each year. Sand mining is the process of removing sand and gravel from the ground. In India, sand mining is largely related to construction activities. Sand is becoming a highvalue commodity as a result of this ...
3. Coal Mining is the term that encompasses the physical extraction or removal of coal from the Earth's Surface. When coal is used as fuel in power generation, it is referred to as Steaming or Thermal coal while those which are used to create coke for steel manufacturing is referred to as Coking or Metallurgical Coal. Coal can be mined by both Surface and Underground Mining methods. Surface ...
According to Global Energy Monitor (GEM) Report, India's Coal Mines are severely underutilized amid push for new ones. GEM is a firm that tracks fuelsource utilization globally. It studies the evolving international energy landscape, creating databases, reports, and interactive tools that enhance understanding.
The 2015 Bill primarily seeks to allocate the coal mines that were declared illegal by the Supreme Court. It provides details for the auction process, compensation for the prior allottees, the process for transfer of mines and details of authorities that would conduct the auction. In December 2014, the ministry notified the Coal Mines (Special ...
Industrial processing of coal yields useful products like Coke, coal tar, and Coal gas. Coke: Coke is a rigid, porous, and black substance. It is the purest form of carbon. Coke is used in the manufacturing of steel and the extraction of metals. Coal Tar . Coal tar is a black and thick liquid with an unpleasant smell.
The mining sector's GDP contribution only swings between % and %, but based on the GDP of the entire industrial sector, it ranges from 10% to 11%. Even smallscale mining adds 6% to the overall cost of mineral production. About 700,000 people have employment chances in the mining sector in India. Also read: Coal Mining in India
Coal bed methane (CBM) is a form of natural gas which can be recovered from coal deposits or coal seams (a coal deposit is a geographical location containing mineable accumulations of coal while a coal seam is entrapment of coal in underlying rock). The gas is formed during the natural conversion of plant material into coal, known as coalification.
GS Paper 3 Syllabus: Environment Conservation Source: The Hindu Editorial section Context: India has grossly underestimated the issue of illegal mining, which damages the environment and causes revenue loss. Direction: Just go through the article once, to understand the issue. Can note a few points. Status: Demand for minor minerals such as sand and . Continue reading "Illegal Mining of ...
In the light of recent developments in coal sector and its importance to the Indian economy, examine why coal is called as black gold in India. (200 Words) Coal is more than a fossil fuel, it generates electricity in easiest and traditional way. Thermal power plant constitute 59% of India's power production, Also many PSUs, . Coal Industry UPSC GS1 Read More »
Remaining matter in the coal is called volatile material such as moisture, ash content and sulfur content. These are gradually removed by metamorphic process pressure and heat. Bituminous coal has special significance because it contains Bitumen which on heating in absence of oxygen is converted into coking coal.
It is a primitive and hazardous method of mining for coal. It involves digging of very small narrow tunnels (hence called rat holes), usually 34 feet high, which workers (more often children)enter and extract coal. It is practiced mostly in Northeastern states, especially in Meghalaya because coal seam found in the hilly region is very thin ...
Coal gasification is a process that converts coal and water into a gas known as syngas. This gas is a combination of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water vapour (H2O). In the past, coal gas, also known as "town gas", was made by gasifying coal and was used for heating and lighting in cities before ...
The method can be used to extract resources that would otherwise be too expensive to extract. It also provides a viable alternative to traditional coal mining techniques. UCG has a lower environmental and social impact than conventional coal mining with gasification, yet environmental issues exist, including the possibility for aquifer pollution.
Coal production of India. Coal in India has been mined since 1774, and India is the second largest producer and consumer of coal after China, mining million metric tons ( million short tons) in FY 30% of coal is imported. Due to demand, supply mismatch and poor quality with high ash content, India imports coking coal to meet the shortage of domestic supply.
Area of Focus. Key Objectives. Coal Analytics. Achieve the coal production target of 1012 MT for FY 202324. Increase coal production and efficiency. Formulate a coking coal strategy to enhance coking coal availability in the country. Improve the quality of coal. Private Investment. Achieve CAPEX target of Rs 21030 Crores for FY 202324.
![[Indepth] [Updated] Coal Sector in India IAS EXPRESS](/sf6q94p/339.jpg)
Mountaintop mining: the coal is mined after the mountaintop is removed to reveal the seam. Valley fills are used for storing the removed overburden in case of limited disposal alternative. Room and Pillar coal mining: in this method, the coal is mined from a horizontal plane and an array of rooms and pillars. Longwall mining: it is a type of ...
>> Which gas is obtained during the process. Question . Which gas is obtained during the processing of coal? Easy. Open in App. ... Name the products obtained and their uses when coal is processed in industry. Medium. View solution > Coal can be used as a main source of: Medium. View solution > View more. More From Chapter. Coal and Petroleum.
Coals are classified into three main ranks, or types: lignite, bituminous coal, and anthracite. These classifications are based on the amount of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen present in the coal. Coals other constituents include hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, ash, and sulfur. Some of the undesirable chemical constituents include chlorine and sodium.
Coal mining taxes and royalties make up nearly 8% of state government revenue in Jharkhand. Most of the coal is transported to other states that have more facilities to burn it for power ...
That process would also require onethird less water, making it more economical. ... UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Questions (PYQs): ... Coalbed methane is the pure methane gas extracted from coal seams, while shale gas is a mixture of propane and butane only that can be extracted from finegrained sedimentary rocks. In India ...
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