Due to the fierce competition among iron and steel industries, improvement in sinter quality has already become a hot topic in ironmaking process. Sinter ore with superior strength and reducibility promotes the smooth running of blast furnace and decreases the consumption of fuel [, ]. Complex calcium ferrite, which also named silicoferrite of ...
In iron making process, sintering of iron ore fines is an integral step to utilize not only the ore fines but also to introduce a part of flux (limestone and dolomite) along with the sinter in blast furnace burden. In this way, the productivity of the furnace considerably improves.
Sintering Technology. 1. Sinter Making Technology Aritra Mallick AGM (Agglomeration) RDCIS, Ranchi. 2. Introduction During mining operation of Iron ore, big boulders are crushed to smaller size suitable for blast furnace charging. During this operation fines are generated and the same can not be discarded as it contains Fe to the tune of 60% ...
The sintering process is a thermal agglomeration process, and it is accompanied by chemical reactions. In this process, a mixture of iron ore fines, flux, and coal particles is heated to about 1300 °C1480 °C in a sinter bed. The strength and reducibility properties of iron ore sinter are obtained by liquid phase sintering. The silicoferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) is the main ...
Superhigh bed sintering process is an important development direction of iron ore sintering for its lower emission and higher yield. However, there is a lack of deep understanding of the uneven quality of superhigh bed sintering products, and the deterioration of reduction disintegration performance, the thickening of hearth layer and the reduction in energysaving effect are perplexing ...
In this article, the feasibility of this process was estimated from the point of the effects of MSWI fly ash addition on the iron ore sintering process, sinter mineral phase structure and ...
Sintering is a process for agglomeration of iron ore fines to be useful material in blast furnace. In this process, raw materials like iron ore fines, coke breeze, limestone and dolomite fines are blended with water to create an adhesive mixture, and then placed on a continuous, moving grate.
Iron ore sinter is the result of a complex physicochemical reaction among the minerals present in the sinter mix in the sintering zone of heating and cooling. The precipitated mineral phases are influenced by maximum temperature reached, chemical composition, oxygen partial pressure ( p O 2 ), and cooling rate [ 2 ].
It opens up the possibility of the internal utilization of plant wastes for a sustainable steel production process. From the results, it can be concluded that the composite briquettes are made by using solid waste materials to recycling in blast furnaces as a partial replacement for prime iron bearing raw materials like iron ore, sinter and pellet.
During the iron ore sintering process, its SiO2 content considerably affects the sinter quality. In this study, the effect of SiO2 content on iron ore sintering indexes was studied, with mineral composition and microstructure analyses. It was shown that the strength and reducibility of sintering products improved when SiO2 content increased.
The granulation process for iron sinter production is the Q H first step in the production of pig iron, where fine iron ore JPU = (1) A DP together with other fine materials (collected dusts, mill scale), fluxes and coke breeze are converted into agglom where Q is the air flow rate (m3 min−1), A is the cross sec erates.
The nontarget volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from iron and steel industry, especially from the iron ore sinter process, may be an underappreciated index imposing a negative effect on the surrounding areas of China. Therefore, we appeal the authorities to pay more attention on VOCs emission from the iron and steel industry and ...
Sintering is a crucial process in integrated steel plants where a mixture of iron ores, fluxes, and coke are fused to produce a sinter. During sintering, various mineral phases crystallize and bind the grains together, resulting in a strong sinter.
The sintering raw materials used in this test were from a Chinese iron and steel enterprise, including blended ore, return ore, dolomite, quicklime, coke, outsourced coke, fly ash, etc. The orematching scheme of the sintering pot test is shown in Table 4. In the test, dolomite was used as MgObearing flux, the proportion was fixed, and the ...
The partial pressure of oxygen is an important parameter that influences the formation of various mineralogical phases in the sinter. Researchers [8, 13,14,15,16] have established the desired oxygen partial pressure to achieve optimum SFCA phase in iron ore sinter and the influence of SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, MgO, and dependency on temperature and partial pressure of oxygen is indicated ...
Iron making. The primary objective of iron making is to release iron from chemical combination with oxygen, and, since the blast furnace is much the most efficient process, it receives the most attention here. Alternative methods known as direct reduction are used in over a score of countries, but less than 5 percent of iron is made this way.
BFBOF operation relies almost entirely on coal products, emitting ~70% of CO2 in the integrated plant (BF iron making). Hot iron is then charged to BOF to make steel HM (BOF steel making). An integrated BFBOF production plant also include process plants for coking, pelletizing, sinter, finishing, and associated power production.
Agglomeration of ironore fines with particles sizes less than mm in a sinter plant is an integral part of the ironmaking process (Jankovic 2015; FernandezGonzalez et al. 2017).In a series of complex reactions between 1250 and 1350 °C, porous semimolten, centimetersized aggregates are formed containing ore particles (hematite and magnetite, constituting 40 to 70% vol.) cemented by a ...
By contrast, concentrations of Si in iron ores played a significant role in decreasing PCDD/F and PCB emissions in both sinter and dust samples. This study also confirmed the optimum size (< 1 mm ...
During the iron ore sintering process trace elements can have four different destinations: remain in the sinter product, be retained by the abatement methods in the form of particulates, be emitted into the atmosphere as particulate material, or be emitted into the atmosphere in the gaseous form ( Xu et al., 2004 ).
Section snippets Experimental method and parameters quantification. The commercial tests in sintering grate are enormously expensive. If the transfer phenomena in the directions of grate length and width are neglected, iron ore sintering can be considered as 1D (in the direction of bed height) unsteady process.
The coke combustion rate in an iron ore sintering process is one of the most important determining factors of quality and productivity. Biomass carbon material is considered to be a coke substitute with a lower CO2 emission in the sintering process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combustion rate of a biomass carbon material and to use a sintering simulation model to calculate ...
Sintering is a process by which a mixture of iron ores, fl uxes and coke is agglomerated in a sinter plant to manufacture a sinter product of a suitable composition, quality and...
The sintering process is a thermal agglomeration process, and it is accompanied by chemical reactions. In this process, a mixture of iron ore fines, flux, and coal particles is heated to about 1300 °C1480 °C in a sinter bed. The strength and reducibility properties of iron ore sinter are obtained by liquid phase sintering.
Meanwhile, an iron ore sinter is a crucial material for the ironmaking process, and its chemical, physical, and metallurgical properties significantly impact the blast furnace (BF) performance. In turn, the main materials used for a sinter are iron ore fines, and their chemical compositions play a critical role in the sintering process. Due to ...
Sintering is a thermal agglomeration process that is applied to a mixture of iron ore fines, recycled ironmaking products, fluxes, slagforming agents and solid fuel (coke).
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